Relative Scale Relationships
Two sides of the same coin: Major and Minor pairs.
Family Connection
Every Major scale has a 'Relative Minor' scale that uses the EXACT same notes and key signature. They are related by blood (notes), but have a different personality (center).
Finding the Relative Minor
The Relative Minor always starts on the 6th degree of the Major scale. Alternatively, go DOWN 3 half steps from the Major scale.
Finding the Relative Major
Conversely, to find the Relative Major from a Minor scale, go UP 3 half steps. E Minor + 3 half steps = G Major.
The Composer's Takeaway
By sharing the exact same notes and key signature, relative scales are like two sides of the same coin. With the same pool of notes, you can create two opposite atmospheres: one happy (major scale) and one sad or mysterious (minor scale). Knowing these pairs allows you to transition from one emotion to another naturally in your music, using the exact same group of notes but simply changing the 'home note' where your melody rests.